Estrone in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Risk Factor: X
Class: Hormones
/ Estrogens
Fetal Risk Summary
See Estrogens, Conjugated.
Breast Feeding Summary
See Estrogens, Conjugated.
Questions and Answers
Finding the molecular formula for estrone?, Estrone is a female sex hormone that is known to contain 80.0% carbon, 8.2% hydrogen, and the remainder oxygen. If 793mL of estrone is found to have a mass of 4.97g at 0.90atm and 200degrees celcius, find the molecular formula for estrone.
80 g C @ 12 g/mol = 6.67 moles C
8.2 g H @ 1.01 g/ mol = 8.2 moles H
11.8 g O @ 16g/mol = 0.738 moles O
ratio the moles:
6.67 moles C / 0.738 = 9.0 mol C
8.2 moles H / 0.738 = 11.0 mol H
0.738 moles O / 0.738 = 1 mole O
your empirical formula is C9 H11 O
with a formula mass of 135 g/mol
=====================================
it looks like they want us to do a gas law calculation , even though estrone is a solid which doesn't melt until 254Celsius, whatever:
find moles:
PV=nRT
(0.90atm)(0.793 L) = n (0.08206 L-atm/mol-K)(473 K)
n= 0.01838 moles
find mlar mass:
4.97g / 0.01838 moles = 270 g/mol
=============
since the molar mass is double the empirical formula mass,
yout answer: the molecular formula is C18 H22 O2
estrone is a female sex hormone that is known to contain 80.0% carbon, 8.2% hydrogen, and the remainder oxygen?, If 793 mL of estrone is found to have a mass of 4.97 g at 0.90 atm and 200 C, find the molecule formula for estrone?
Assume the percents are out of 100.
1) Convert to moles.
80 g C / 12.01 g = 6.66 mol
8.2 g H / 1.01 g H = 8.12 mol
(100 - 80 - 8.2)g / 16.00 g O =.7375
2) Divide by the smallest number (.7375)
C: 6.66 / .7375 = 9
H: 8.12 / .7375 =11
O: .7375/ .7375 =1
--> Empirical formula: C9H11O (Molar mass= 135.2 g)
3) Now to find molecular formula... use PV=nRT where P =.9 atm, V=.793 L, R= 0.0821 atm*L / mol*K, T= 473K and solve for n.
n= 0.183 mol.
4) Using the moles you got from the ideal gas law and from the mass provided for you in the problem (4.97g), find molar mass which is grams/ moles. (4.97 g / 0.183 mol) = 271.
5) Okay, so the molar mass of estrone is 271 and the empirical weight is 135. Divide 271 by 135 to get 2. Multiply the empirical formula subscripts by this number.
--> Molecular formula (C9H11O)2 = C18H22O2.
Borohydride reduction of estrone?, Estrone in the chair format has 2 faces, alpha (underside of molecule) and beta (top with the methyl group). When sodium borohyrdide is reacted with the molecule, which face of the carbonyl group is attacked preferentially and why?
____When determining access to an atom, I like to look at the 3-D image. This site has the rotatable image of estone: http://www.3dchem.com/molecules.asp?ID=2...
Attack will occur so that the the OH group will end up cis to the methyl as this results from the least hindered attack on the C=O group.
estrone is a female sex hormone that is known to contain 80% carbon, 8.2% hydrogen, and the remainder oxygen.?, if 793 mL of estrone is found to have a mass of 4.97g at 0.90atm and 200C, find the molecular formula for estrone.
We can consider 100 g
80 g / 12.011 = 6.66 ( C )
8.2 g / 1.00794 = 8.13 ( H )
11.8 g / 15.9994 = 0.735 ( O )
we divide each number for the smallest and we get :
6.66 / 0.735 = 9 (C)
8.13 / 0.735 = 11 ( H )
0.735 / 0.735 = 1 ( O )
empirical formula C9H11O ( mass = 135)
to get the moles we use the equation
pV = nRT
T = 273 + 200 = 473 K
V = 0.793 L
n = pV / RT = 0.90 x 0.793 / 0.0821 x 473 = 0.0184
moles = mass / mm
mm = mass / moles = 4.97 g / 0.0184 = 270.3 g/mol
270 / 135 = 2
we multiply for two the empirical formula and we get the molecular formula
C18H22O2
Does conjugated equine (horse) estrogen use for breast enlargement in men such as Premarin work.?, Premarin is a very complex and estrone is weaker by far than estradiol in its ability to stimulate breast tissue. In fact this particular estrogen can even be given to men, since it has no feminizing properties (Washburn 1996). Some women who have tried both Estrace and Premarin, or the patch and Premarin, decide that they like Premarin better because there is less breast tenderness, whereas pure estradiol feels "too strong." Can we conclude that estrone is better or is Estradiol more effective and popular?
My medical knowledge is limited in that area.
/doc
Chemistry Molecular formula ?, Estrone, which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, is a female sexual hormone that occurs in the urine of pregnant women. Combustion analysis of a 1.893-g sample of estrone produced 5.545 g of CO2 and 1.388 g H20. The molar mass of estrone is 270.36 g.
Find the molecular formula for estrone.
How can I solve this?
You make 1.388 + 5.545 = 6.933g of product
You started with 1.893g of estrone, so the rest must be oxygen used in combustion.
6.933 - 1.893 = 5.040g of O2 = 0.1575 moles of O2 or 0.315 moles of O
In your products you have:
CO2 with a molar mass of 44.01g/mole
5.545g / 44.01g/mole = 0.1260moles of CO2
H2O with a molar mass of 18.02g/mole
1.388g / 18.02 = 0.0770 moles of water
0.1260 moles of CO2 has 0.1260 moles of C and 0.2520 moles of O
0.0770 moles of water has 0.0770 moles of O and 0.1540 moles of H
In our products we have 0.2520 + 0.0770 = 0.329 moles of O
We know that we had 0.315moles used in combustion, so the estrone must have had 0.014 moles of O
So in the estrone, we had:
0.1260 moles of C
0.1540 moles of H and
0.014 moles of O
This gives us a ratio of C9H11O
This has a molecular mass of approximately 135, so there must be double that in the estrone:
C18H22O2
Identify the functional groups in the following molecules. (Select all that apply.)?, (A) Retinal (vitamin A)
alkane
alkene
alkyne
carboxylic acid
aldehyde
ester
aromatic ring
(b) Estrone
alkene
alcohol
ketone
ether
amine
ester
aromatic ring
A)... alkene is the only correct choice....see the picture here
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A
the molecule contains double bonds. no triple bonds. therefore it is an alkene
it is not a carboxylic acid R-CO2H..
it is not an aldehyde R-CH=O
it is not an ester R- CO2-R'
it does NOT have an aromatic ring..
it does have an alcohol group (which wasn't one of your choices)
*****************
B)... alcohol, ketone, and aromatic ring are the answers..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrone
it is not an alkene (although it has a ring with double bonds they are conjugated and the ring is aromatic. aromatics are not considered to be alkenes)
it does have an alcohol group.. the OH group
it does have a ketone group. R-C=O - R'
it does NOT have an ether group R-O-R
it does NOT have an amine group.. R- NH2
it does NOT have an ester group.. R-CO2-R'
it does have an aromatic ring
Hormone Levels in obese male?, I am an 42 y/o obese male, I am 5'9" weigh 250 lbs and my normal
weight should be around 175-180. I had my hormone levels checked
which indicated that my fee testosterone is low normal (47.5 pg/ml;
ref range 35-155), my serum testosterone is low (155L ng/dl; ref range
241-827) DHEA-S is low @ 92 ug/dL (range 95-530) and my estrone is
high @ 84 pg/ml (ref range 12-72). My dr wants me to get a
testicular sonogram and blood tests for testicular cancer..I am
Testicular Cancer
==============
Your doctor is wise to consider testicular cancer. Although most
cases present between the ages of 15-35, this type of cancer can occur
at any age. It's a relatively rare tumor (about 2-3 new cases per
100,000 males per year in the US) [Smith's Urology]. Testicular
cancer has a very high cure rate - even higher when diagnosed early.
The testicular ultrasound (aka sonogram), as stated below in
Campbell's, is 95% sensitive and specific for testicular cancer and
does not involve exposing you to ionizing radiation (like an X-ray).
Basically it's a noninvasive low-risk test to detect a potential
cancer that, if found, is highly curable - high yield, low risk.
One of the standard Urology texts (Campbell's) outlines the diagnostic
pathway for testicular cancer:
"Unfortunately, delays in the timely and accurate diagnosis of
testicular cancer continue to be a significant problem. [123] Moul
(1994) noted a mean duration of symptoms of 26 weeks before diagnosis
in a review of 4948 testicular cancer patients. Both patient and
physician factors contribute to this delay in diagnosis. Painless
scrotal masses are often ignored, whereas testicular cancers
presenting with scrotal pain are treated as epididymitis up to 18% to
30% of the time ([19] Bosl et al, 1981; [144] Prout et al, 1984).
Almost 20% of patients present with signs or symptoms of metastatic
disease such as back or abdominal pain, weight loss, neck mass,
gynecomastia, or breast tenderness ([19] Bosl et al, 1981; Thornhill
et al, 1987; [15] Bosl et al, 2000). Patients have undergone
unnecessary mastectomy or laparotomy or prolonged therapy for back
pain without a diagnosis of testicular cancer being considered ([143]
Post and Belis, 1980; [125] Moul and Moellman, 1992; [124] 2000).
A careful history and physical examination, as well as serum β–human
chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), α-fetoprotein (AFP), and lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) testing, are helpful in establishing a correct
diagnosis. Scrotal sonography is extremely accurate in identifying
solid intratesticular lesions with greater than 95% sensitivity and
specificity.
Walsh: Campbell's Urology, 8th ed., 2002. Elsevier. Pp. 2920-2921.
As mentioned above, one usually also looks at the serum HCG, AFP, and
LDH as tumor markers. I would trust an endocrinologist to pick the
right tests and interpret them correctly. They have special training
in the physiology hormone levels and may be better than the GU surgeon
at pin pointing the cause of these abnormalities, particularly if they
are due to something outside of the genitourinary system (for example
in the pituitary or other organ). There isn't really a reason to see
a urologic oncologist (or genitourinary (GU) surgeon) until you have
the results of the ultrasound, since the GU surgeon is unlikely to
operate without a diagnosis or target for biopsy. If you do
ultimately go to a GU surgeon, it's very helpful to have an ultrasound
in hand on the first visit. Otherwise, they will likely see you,
order an ultrasound, then have to see you again when the results are
back. The endocrinologist is essentially saving you a wasted visit to
the GU doc before you have the right tests complete.
There are multiple types of testicular cancer, the most common being
seminona (35%). More than 50% of spermatocytic seminoma cases are
found in men over 50. You can get details on the other types at these
eMedicine sites:
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/articles/...
http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2250.h...
http://www.emedicine.com/radio/topic680....
There are multiple secondary effects that can hint at hormonal
imbalance caused by testicular cancer or other etiologies. Here is a
brief summary:
"Gynecomastia is present in 5% of all germ cell tumors but may be
present in 30-50% of Sertoli and Leydig cell tumors. Its cause seems
to be related to multiple complex hormonal interactions involving
testosterone, estrone, estradiol, prolactin, and hCG. Hemoptysis may
be seen in advanced pulmonary disease…"
"Anemia may be detected in advanced disease. Liver function tests may
be elevated in the presence of hepatic metastases. Renal function may
be diminished (elevated serum creatinine) if ureteral obstruction
secondary to bulky retroperitoneal disease is present."
Smith's General Urology. 16th ed. Tanagho EA, McAninch JW Eds. McGraw-Hill, 2004.
If you would like more detailed information on some specific
testicular cancer, treatment options, etc., if you are found to have
this type of cancer, I would recommend posting a separate question
focused on this topic.
============
Endocrinology
============
DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, DHEA-S) is produced by the
androgenic zone of the cortex (outer portion) of the adrenal glands,
which sit just above the kidneys in the abdomen.
DHEA can be decreased in Addison disease or adrenal hypoplasia.
Adrenal hypoplasia can be secondary to benign adrenal adenomas, which
don't function but can compress or replace the existing adrenal(s),
causing decrease in production of DHEA-S. DHEA-S is usually elevated
in adrenal tumors. Adrenal adenomas can usually be seen on CT of the
abdomen. The second reference below states that DHEA-S can be
increased in obesity, likely due to skewing of the sex hormone
production chain, which you can see here:
http://www.med.unibs.it/~marchesi/malese...
Here is a detailed discussion of steroid hormone synthesis, if you
would like more details:
http://www.med.unibs.it/~marchesi/sterho...
Analysis of the hormone synthesis pathway (see the second figure
above) shows that, for example, decreased activity of the
17-ketoreductase enzyme or overactivity of aromatase might lead to
decreased testosterone and increased estrone. Deficiency in
17-ketoreductase can lead to pseudohermaphroditism and gynecomastia
(enlargement of the breasts in males) if it is severe enough. This
may be one reason your endocrinologist obtained estrone, testosterone,
and DHEA levels - looking at both of them can help determine if and
where there is a defect in the biosynthetic pathway. If they're both
low, then one must look higher up the pathway for the cause.
___________________
Addison disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is most
common in people 30-50 years of age. Many of these patients have
antibodies against antigens in the cortex of the adrenal gland, which
suggests that this is an autoimmune disease. About 30% of patients
with anti-adrenal antibodies will progress to Addison disease. The
most common symptoms of Addison disease are weight loss, fatigue, mood
lability, etc., which don't sound like the symptoms you describe.
There are about 5-6 new cases of Addison disease per million people
per year.
You can find more details at eMedicine at this pages:
http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic42.htm
http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic761.h...
Several drugs can cause Addison disease:
Ketoconazole: inhibits the adrenal cytochrome P450 steroidogenic enzymes.
Aminoglutethimide: blocks the early conversion of cholesterol to
pregnenolone by inhibiting the 20,22-desmolase enzyme.
Mitotane: blocks adrenal mitochondrial steroid biosynthesis.
Busulphan, etomidate, and trilostane: inhibit or interfere with
adrenal steroid biosynthesis.
Methadone: may deplete pituitary ACTH causing secondary adrenocortical
insufficiency in some patients.
If your endocrinologist suspects that you may have this disorder,
he/she may order one of a number of tests to work it up, including an
ACTH stimulation test, where a drug like ACTH (usually made in the
pituitary) and then measure the response of the adrenal glands to the
stimulation. When there is an absent, diminished, or poorly
functional intermediate enzyme in the long synthesis pathway, the
intermediate chemical (just before the enzyme block) builds up in the
system and can be measured as well. There are a multitude of other
diseases that can lead to Addison disease, which are listed in the
first eMedicine article above.
help plz.......?, one of my friends wants to use medicine called anabolic activator so what is the side effects if he used thate medicine wich contain : INGREDIENTS: Somatotrophine (GH)...6C, Gonado Stimuline...6C, Chronic Gonadotrophine...6C, Folliculostimuline...6C, Adrenocorticotrophine...9C, Thyroidinum...6C, Adrenalinum...6C, Progesterone...9C, Orchitinum...6C, Dopamine...6C, Acetylcholine...6C, RNA...6C, DNA...6C, ATP...6C, Leucine...4C, Isoleucine...4C, Valine...4C, Glutamine...4C, Estrone...12C, Estradiol...12C, Cortisone...12C, Saw Palmetto...3C, Tribulus Terrestris...3C, Insulinum...6C.
There are female hormones in there. Growing breasts may be one side effect.
Hahahaha.
I wouldn't mess with that mixture. It looks like if any of that got into your system, it could really screw you up.
Organic Chemistry Help? (involves classification) very simple for those of u who are good at it.?, On one problem I am asked to identify the functional groups in Vitamin A and estrone. Could someone please help me.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/co...
the only difference is that the structure in my book has CH3 instead of H3C
and here's the estrone
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=h...
I believe the functional groups present in Vitamin A is alcohol, ester, and an aldehyde while the functional group in the estrone is simply a aromatic.
I am not good at this, so I need some help!!!!!!!!!!!
First of all, CH3 and H3C are the same thing. The proper convention is for the carbon to be bonded to another carbon.
Estrone has a ketone and a phenol group on it.
Vitamin A has no ester or aldehyde. In order to have one, there would first need to be a CO double bond, or carbonyl present. All that is present on the molecule is an alchohol and alkene.
ROH: alcohol
ROR: ether
RSH: thiol
RCN: cyanin
RNR2: amine
R-C6H6-OH: phenol
R-X: alkyl halide
R(CO)R: ketone
R(CO)H: aldehyde
R(CO)OR: ester
R(CO)OH: carboxylic acid
R(CO)NR2 : amide
R(CO)X (X=halogen): acid halide
(R(CO))2O: anhydride
Where R is any organic side chain, and CO is a CO carbonyl double bond.
